{"id":22392,"date":"2025-04-19T09:55:09","date_gmt":"2025-04-19T02:55:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sepa.org.vn\/?p=22392"},"modified":"2025-04-19T09:59:29","modified_gmt":"2025-04-19T02:59:29","slug":"nghe-lab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sepa.org.vn\/sepa\/nghe-lab\/","title":{"rendered":"Ngh\u00ea\u0323 Lab"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\t\t\t\tNgh\u00ea\u0323 Lab\t\t\t<\/h4>\n

Gi\u01a1\u0301i thi\u00ea\u0323u<\/h2>\n

C\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec7 (Curcuma longa<\/i>) kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gia v\u1ecb quen thu\u1ed9c trong b\u1ebfp Vi\u1ec7t, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc khi g\u1eb7p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 pH kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y, ngh\u1ec7 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u00fa v\u1ecb trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng STEM (Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc), gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c quan v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn.
Ngh\u1ec7 Lab l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb m\u00e0u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"
Ho\u0323c sinh ti\u00ea\u0309u ho\u0323c trong m\u00f4\u0323t hoa\u0323t \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng STEM v\u01a1\u0301i ngh\u00ea\u0323 <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t trong c\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec7
\n<\/h2>\n

Curcumin\u00a0l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh trong c\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec7, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 5% tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Curcumin thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m curcuminoid, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 C21<\/sub>H20<\/sub>O6<\/sub>, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng cam \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Curcumin:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc theo \u0111\u1ed9 pH m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n
  • M\u00e0u v\u00e0ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng axit (pH < 7)<\/li>\n
  • M\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf cam \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecf n\u00e2u trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec1m (pH > 7)<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u1ea1m vi pH \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u: 7.4 – 9.4<\/li>\n
  • T\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng vi\u00eam cao<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t khi g\u1eb7p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 pH kh\u00e1c nhau, curcumin trong c\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec7 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb pH t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Cu\u0309
    Cu\u0309 ngh\u00ea\u0323 & b\u00f4\u0323t ngh\u00ea\u0323<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb m\u00e0u ngh\u1ec7 trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng STEM\/STEAM<\/h2>\n

    1. Trong d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 pH, axit-baz\u01a1<\/li>\n
    • Minh h\u1ecda ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trung h\u00f2a<\/li>\n
    • Chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed9 axit-baz\u01a1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/li>\n
    • Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      2. Trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n khoa h\u1ecdc<\/h3>\n
        \n
      • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh pH c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau<\/li>\n
      • Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 acid c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a<\/li>\n
      • Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n the trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/li>\n
      • Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        3. Trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/h3>\n
          \n
        • Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ed9 kit ki\u1ec3m tra pH \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/li>\n
        • Ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o gi\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng minh thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>\n
        • T\u1ea1o m\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng minh thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u theo \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 pH<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          4. Trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp t\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/h3>\n
            \n
          • K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c sinh h\u1ecdc-h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc-v\u1eadt l\u00fd trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t<\/li>\n
          • T\u00edch h\u1ee3p ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng qua v\u1ebd tranh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ef1c ngh\u1ec7 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u<\/li>\n
          • Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 pH<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            C\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb m\u00e0u ngh\u1ec7
            \n<\/h2>\n

            Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 1: Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc theo \u0111\u1ed9 pH<\/h3>\n

            M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau:<\/strong>\u00a0Quan s\u00e1t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch ngh\u1ec7 trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 pH kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

            Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u:<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            • Dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ngh\u1ec7<\/li>\n
            • C\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 pH kh\u00e1c nhau: gi\u1ea5m, n\u01b0\u1edbc chanh, n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ecdc, dung d\u1ecbch x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, dung d\u1ecbch baking soda<\/li>\n
            • \u1ed0ng nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed1c th\u1ee7y tinh nh\u1ecf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb 5-6 \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed1c th\u1ee7y tinh nh\u1ecf<\/li>\n
              2. \u0110\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec7m<\/li>\n
              3. Cho v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i \u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i dung d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c nhau<\/li>\n
              4. Th\u00eam v\u00e0i gi\u1ecdt dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i \u1ed1ng<\/li>\n
              5. Quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i:<\/strong>\u00a0Dung d\u1ecbch ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng axit (gi\u1ea5m, chanh) v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf cam ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecf n\u00e2u trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec1m (x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, baking soda).<\/p>\n

                Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 2: Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n the trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/h3>\n

                M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau:<\/strong>\u00a0S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n the (borax) trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

                Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                • Gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ngh\u1ec7<\/li>\n
                • M\u1eabu th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra (gi\u00f2 ch\u1ea3, b\u00e1nh \u0111\u00fac, b\u00fan…)<\/li>\n
                • \u0110\u0129a nh\u1ecf<\/li>\n
                • N\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. L\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra, nghi\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi \u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5t<\/li>\n
                  2. \u0110\u1eb7t gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ngh\u1ec7 l\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1eabu th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/li>\n
                  3. Theo d\u00f5i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb trong v\u00f2ng 1-2 ph\u00fat<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i:<\/strong>\u00a0N\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0n the (c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ki\u1ec1m), gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng sang m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf cam ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecf n\u00e2u. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0n the, gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb s\u1ebd v\u1eabn gi\u1eef m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eb9.<\/p>\n

                    Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 3: V\u1ebd tranh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng minh<\/h3>\n

                    M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u1ea1o m\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng minh t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 v\u1ebd tranh thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

                    Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • Dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c<\/li>\n
                    • B\u00fat l\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ecd v\u1ebd<\/li>\n
                    • Gi\u1ea5y v\u1ebd<\/li>\n
                    • Dung d\u1ecbch baking soda lo\u00e3ng<\/li>\n
                    • Chai x\u1ecbt nh\u1ecf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. D\u00f9ng b\u00fat l\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ecd v\u1ebd nh\u00fang v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 v\u1ebd h\u00ecnh l\u00ean gi\u1ea5y<\/li>\n
                      2. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u00f4 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (b\u1ee9c tranh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng)<\/li>\n
                      3. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb dung d\u1ecbch baking soda lo\u00e3ng trong chai x\u1ecbt<\/li>\n
                      4. X\u1ecbt nh\u1eb9 dung d\u1ecbch baking soda l\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i:<\/strong>\u00a0Nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ecbt dung d\u1ecbch baking soda s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng sang m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf cam, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u1ee9c tranh \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00e0u s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

                        Y\u0301 nghi\u0303a<\/h2>\n

                        Ngh\u1ec7 Lab kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp th\u00fa v\u1ecb m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, n\u00e2ng cao \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM.<\/p>\n

                        \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                        C\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec7 (Curcuma longa) kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gia v\u1ecb quen thu\u1ed9c trong b\u1ebfp Vi\u1ec7t, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc khi g\u1eb7p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 pH kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y, ngh\u1ec7 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u00fa v\u1ecb trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng STEM (Khoa h\u1ecdc, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc), gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c quan v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn.
                        \nNgh\u1ec7 Lab l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c STEM t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb m\u00e0u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":159,"featured_media":22395,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[121],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22392","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNgh\u00ea\u0323 Lab - STEM EDUCATION PROMOTION ALLIANCE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sepa.org.vn\/sepa\/nghe-lab\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ngh\u00ea\u0323 Lab - STEM EDUCATION PROMOTION ALLIANCE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"C\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec7 (Curcuma longa) kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gia v\u1ecb quen thu\u1ed9c trong b\u1ebfp Vi\u1ec7t, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc khi g\u1eb7p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 pH kh\u00e1c nhau. 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